Donner. Early Arab Conquests
Fred Donner. The Early Islamic Conquests. Princeton Univ Press, 1981, beg with pg. 251. Chapter VI. Conclusions 1. Tribe and State in Arabia: Second Essay As we have seen, the appearance of the unifying ideology of Islam, coupled with the skillful use of both traditional and novel means of political consolidation, resulted in the emergence under Muhammad and Abu Bakr of a new state that was able ...
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